Presidents of the Philippine Republic free essay sample

This list starts from the ratification of the Philippine Constitution in the First Republic after the independence of the country in 1898. Thus, this list starts from the ratification of 1899 Constitution where Emilio Aguinaldo was the President of the Republic of the Philippines. The dates followed by their names are the dates of their terms: Presidents of the Philippines from Past to Present: 1. General Emilio Aguinaldo (January 23, 1899 – April 01, 1901) * First President Youngest President – he became the country’s leader at the age of 28 * Longest-lived president – he died when he was 94 * One of the active leaders of KKK * Signed the Pact of Biak na Bato * Known as the President of the Revolutionary Government * He fought against the Spanish and American to retain our independence 2. Manuel L. Quezon (November 15, 1935 – August 01, 1944) * First Senate President elected as President of the Philippines * First President elected through a natio nal election * First President under the Commonwealth He created National Council of Education * He initiated women’s suffrage in the Philippines during the Commonwealth * He made Tagalog / Filipino as the National Language of the Philippines 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Presidents of the Philippine Republic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jose P. Laurel (October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945) * He was considered as the Legitimate President of the Philippines * He organized KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas) * He declared Martial Law in 1944 * He and his family developed the establishment of Lyceum of the Philippines 4. Sergio Osmena (August 01, 1944 – May 28, 1946) * He was 65 when he became President making him the oldest President to hold the office * He was the First Visayan to become President * He joined US General Douglas McArthur in Leyte on October 20, 1944 starting the freedom of the Philippines from the Japanese during World War II * During his time, the Philippine National Bank has been rehabilitated and the country joined the International Monetary Fund * On his time, the Bell Trade Act was approved by the US Congress . Manuel Roxas (May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948) * He was inaugurated as the New and First President of the New Republic because the Philippines was finally free after the WWII * In his time, the country has started reconstruction from war damage and the Philippines started breathing without foreign rule * Under his term, the Philippine Rehabilitation Act and Philippine Trade Act laws were accepted by the Congress 6. Elpidio Quirino (April 17, 1948 – December 30, 1953) * Under his term Hukbalahap movement was active * He created Social Security Commission * He also created Integrity Board to monitor graft and corruption * In 1948, Quezon City was the Capital of the Philippines * Peso and Dollar Exchange Rate at his time was USD 1 – PHP 2 7. Ramon Magsaysay (December 30, 1953 – March 17, 1957) * He was a Chairman of the Committee on Guerilla Affairs He was the First President sworn into office wearing Barong Tagalog in his inauguration * His Presidency was referred as the Philippines’ Golden Years for it was the cleanest and zero-corruption * The Philippines was ranked 2nd in Asia’s clean and well-governed countries * He established National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) among his agrarian reforms 8. Carlos P. Garcia (March 18, 1957 – December 30, 1961) * He was known for â€Å"Filipino First Policy† * He established the Aus terity Program focusing on Filipino Trade and Commerce * He was known as the â€Å"Prince of Visayan Poets† and the â€Å"Bard from Bohol† * Cultural Arts was revived during his time * He was the First President to have his remains buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani 9. Diosdado Macapagal (December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965) * He established the First Land Reform Law * He placed the Philippines Currency Peso, on the currency exchange market * He made June 12, 1898 as the Philippines’ Independence Day * He signed the Minimum Wage Law He signed the Creation of the Philippine Veteran’s Bank 10. Ferdinand E. Marcos (December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986) * He was President for 21 years and only quit office after the People Power Revolution * He was one of the best and brightest presidents of all time * He was the First President to win a second term * He declared Martial Law on September 22, 1972 * He increased the size of the Philippine Military and Armed Forces * In 1980, GNP was 4 ti mes greater than 1972 In 1986, the Philippines was one of the most indebted countries in Asia * He built more schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and infrastructures than all former presidents did combined * In his time, Philippines was the Richest Country in Asia * In his time, No Foreigners was allowed to buy Real Estate in Philippines * Philippines was the No. 1 exporter of Rice and Sugar in the world * Drugs are not rampant and drinking alcohol on the side of the roads is prohibited * Peso and Dollar Exchange Rate at his time was USD 1 – PHP 1. 0 * During his time, Philippines was the first country to have Airport in Asia * Philippines was the first country to have Train in Asia * President Marcos have briefly brought into the limelight the Sabah claim once more * Under the regime of Martial law in July 1973, he announced the decision to build a nuclear power plant * The only President that does not make use of a cheat sheet when giving a speech here and abroad 11. Corazo n C. Aquino (February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992) * She was named â€Å"Woman of the Year† in 1986 by Time Magazine * She was the First Woman President of the Philippines and Asia * She abolished 1973 Marcos Constitution brought the new Constitution of the Philippines * Signed the Family Code of 1987 and 1191 Local Government Code * One of 100 Women Who Shaped World History * One of 20 Most Influential Asians of the 20th Century * One of 65 Great Asian Heroes * A recipient of J. William Fulbright Prize for international understanding 12. Fidel V. Ramos (June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998) During his time, the Philippines was cited as Asia’s Next Economic Tiger because he brought back economic growth * The Philippines celebrated Centennial Independence in 1998 * He’s the only Filipino who received British Knighthood from the United Kingdom, bestowed by Queen Elizabeth II (Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. George) * He led the 4th APEC Summit held in the Philippines * His â€Å"Philippines 2000† vision made the Philippine Stock Exchange one of the best in the world in the mid-90s * Death Penalty was reinstated at his time He signed peace talks and agreement with the MNLF 13. Joseph Estrada (June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001) * During his time, the MNLF’s headquarters and camps were captured * He joined other leaders and politicians who supported against the Charter Change * He was cited as One of the Three Outstanding Senators in 1989 * He was among the â€Å"Magnificent 12† who voted for the termination of the Philippines and US Military Bases Agreement from Clark Airbase and Subic Naval Base 14. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010) * She was the Second Female President of the Country First and only female Vice-President of the Philippines so far * She regained higher economic growth than the past 3 Presidents before her * Philippine Economy grew at its fastest in 3 decades in 2007, GDP exceeding 7% growth * US Former President Bill Clinton cited Gloria’s â€Å"Tough Decisions† because of her brilliant strategy to make the country’s economy back in shape amidst the 2008 Global Financial Crisis * Peso became the best performing currency of the year in Asia in 2007 * eVAT Law was implemented under her term

A Look at Come In Spinner essays

A Look at Come In Spinner essays A 1988 interview with Florence James, co-author with Dymphna Cusack of Come in Spinner (1951) offers some insight into the original aims of the book. We found that our concerns about women and social justice were parallel and we said: Why dont we tell the truth through fiction? Nobody wants to read straight-out essays on the subject..... we wanted to get at the truth ..... we tried to weave together social expectations and what women were really like. This is the key to understanding the central concerns behind Spinner, set in war-time Sydney during 1944: James and Cusack were intent on writing something which illuminated the truthful position of women in society during that time. They did not produce an essay, but their purpose was similar: not just to entertain, but also to inform, to offer a different and challenging perspective. A review in the Daily Telegraph described their efforts as a remarkably vivid and real picture of Sydney in war-time. The question then is whether director Robert Marchands interpretation of Spinner has remained true to this original objective. While the original text contains a greater amount of detail on the peripheral characters, Marchand chooses to focus mainly on the three central women, Deb, Guinea and Claire. Thus their concerns and the conflicts and issues in their lives naturally occupy a position of great significance in our minds: they become our window onto the world of war-time Sydney. In particular, Marchand explores the degree to which men continued to assume a dominant role in the lives of women, despite their burgeoning independence and a greater sense of empowerment offered to them by war-time conditions. Marchands interpretation reflects particularly on the patriarchal values and defined gender roles which premised during this time, and the way in which women both challenged and accepted them. Marchand constantly presents us wit...

How Colors Affect Us Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

How Colors Affect Us - Research Paper Example Colors have the abilities to affect human beings in many ways such as individual’s life, psychological state, and health. one of the reasons why colors have the ability to influence people’s lifestyle is because we naturally react on multi-level of association with colors. She further explains that there exists social, culture and personal relationships with certain colors,† Colour continues to play an important role in the world today and people, corporations and institutions are using it as a powerful tool of communication. Some colors send universal messages and these colors can used for a product, web site, business card, or logo to cause powerful reactions. We cannot ignore the significance of color in our today’s world. The four psychological primary colors include red, yellow, blue, and green. They relate to the body, mind, and emotions while essentially balancing the three. Red elevates excitement levels, and can speed up our decision making process. This is why we considered Las Vegas the city of red neon. Students subjected to red light before exams are more likely to perform dismally. Blue color demonstrates many positive attributes such as intelligence, trust, efficiency, serenity, duty, understanding, logic, calm, and reflection. Its can sometimes be interpreted as cold, aloof, unfriendliness, and lacking emotion. Yellow color is often associated with optimism, self-esteem, confidence, emotional strength, extraversion /friendliness and creativity. It can also come out negative as irrational, fearful, emotionally fragile, depressing, anxiety or suicidal.Green stimulates a general feeling of balance accompanied by positive attribute such as harmony, refreshment, universal affection, peace, restoration reassurance, environmental consciousness, equity, and tranquillity. On the other hand, it demonstrates boredom, blandness, Violet is stimulus for spiritual awareness, vision,

Ban driving of gasoline powered vehicles In U.S Essay

Ban driving of gasoline powered vehicles In U.S - Essay Example â€Å"To truly transform our economy, protect our security, and save our planet from the ravages of climate change, we need to ultimately make clean, renewable energy the profitable kind of energy†, says President Obama. For the last forty years, the Presidents of the United States have many times called for a reduction in the dependence of the country to fossil fuels. The consumption patterns of fossil fuels have utterly failed to honor the fact that the fossil fuels happen to be a finite and non-renewable resource (Borowitz, 1999). Stronger efficiency standards and high tax rates on motor fuels are some of the ways in which, the government has embarked upon to reduce this dependency. Though resorting to high efficiency technologies may make the cars go a few extra miles per gallon, eventually there will come time when the oil wells will go dry and the contemporary civilization’s dependence on non-renewable energy resources will jeopardize its survival. The need for a burgeoning investment on the research and development of the alternative ways of powering the means of transportation is to a great extent being withheld by the fact that nothing much is being done to wean off people from the gasoline driven cars. It is said that the necessity is the mother of invention. Research for alternative fuels will receive a shot in the arm; the day concrete measures are taken to discourage people from driving gasoline powered cars.

Contingency Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Contingency Theory - Research Paper Example Science is a process of inquiry and is an organized body of knowledge, and so contingency theory is a science because it involves the two. Accordingly, contingency theory can as well be categorized technology, and technology refers to activities developed by individuals to satisfy their needs. Contingency theory is a body of knowledge and knowledge acquired can be applied in various organizations to change to a more efficient processes. Literally, humans develop organizations and so the application of contingency theory helps to satisfy their needs (Betts, 2011). This article clearly explains how the operation and performance of an organization and the environment in which it operates relates. More so, it provides a clear elaboration of contingency theory as a science and technology. However, some of the weaknesses that have been identified in this article is that the causation that is assumed has not been explained in a more convincing manner. According to contingency theorists, the re is an association between the environmental conditions and organizational design and this was assumed the best fit. However, this assumption has not been well elaborated and it does not put into consideration other factors that related to organization’s performance (Betts, 2011). ... nce of that particular organization, for instance, organization’s performance is associated with the internal operational effectiveness and support from external forces. More so, the strategy of Information Technology (IT) in an organization is supposed to be aligned with its business strategy since the performance of a business is promoted by effective alignment between the organization’s competitive strategy and technologies that it uses (Croteau and Raymond, 2004). Arguably, the study of competencies alignment and organization’s performance is conducted based on the contingency theory. This article thoughtfully describes IT competencies alignment and organizational performance. It proposes that contingency theory covers other issues such as the organization’s competencies and strategic orientation and explains how they affect the performance of business (Croteau and Raymond, 2004). On the other hand, this article does not provide useful and convincing e xplanation of the underlying assumptions, for instance, one of the major assumption of contingency theory is that the better the fit among various contingency variables the better performance of the organization. Furthermore, this theory claims that there is a fit between strategic variables and use of IT and this positively affects the performance of information system (Croteau and Raymond, 2004). Tackling Design Anew: Getting Back to the Heart of Organizational Theory This article mainly focuses on the importance of organization design, and according to contingency theory, every relevant axis of an organization needs to be present in the organization design (Greenwood and Miller, 2010). Moreover, contingency theory suggests that the size of an organization and its geographical cover leads to the

Budget and Account Management of Restaurant | Case Study

Budget and Account Management of Restaurant | Case Study Traditions Ltd Question One. Marginal costing, Comparison between Traditions Ltd Marginal costing for all departments and without the restaurant department; Without the restaurant, the store is profitable. The store is capable of making a profit of  £9,000. This indicates that the restaurant department is making losses. Even without putting the fixed cost incurred by the business into consideration, the restaurant had made a contribution of  £-30,500 in that particular period alone. This is a high level of loss to be incurred by only one department. Among the other three departments, furnishing is the least profitable. This is because; the amount of purchase for resale that ends up being sold is very low. This increases the stock in the store such that closing stock for the furnishing department is very high as compared to the other department. By the end of the period, closing stock is more than the opening stock. This indicates that there were fewer sales made in this department during that particular period. Question two. Financial and non-financial consequences of closing down the restaurant department; Following the financial position of traditions Ltd analyzed in the previous sector, the restaurant department was making losses. This has prompted the management of the store to consider closing down the restaurant department. Doing so, traditions restaurant is will be faced with various implications, both financial and non financial. Closing down the restaurant department will lead to reduction in the overall profits realized. This is because; the contribution margin will increase leading to reduction in profits. This is because fixed cost will be shared among three departments. Since fixed costs per period of time do not vary by the amount of units produced, the other three departments will have to incur these costs. This will increase the overall costs leading to reduced profits. As indicated in the calculations of marginal costing statement, when the business is operating four departments, the total contribution margin was  £390,500. On closing down the restaurant, the total contribution increased from  £390,500 to  £421,000. This means that a higher contribution margin is to be shared between remaining departments. Another financial implication of closing down the restaurant is that the store will be required to retrench workers. The business will have to pay employees in the restaurant department such as Claude. This will have a negative financial effect on the business. Socially, when a business retrenches workers, customers do not like to be associated with it. In this context, Claude is a renowned chef especially after winning the potato-sculpting competition. This made him famous as he created customer loyalty. Many customers visit the store because of him. Closing down the restaurant will reduce customers who also shop in other departments. This will lead to a decline of sales in the other three departments. Reduction of sales will lead to reduction of overall profits in the business (Tennent, 2008). Another financial effect of closing down the restaurant will lead to low selling of the restaurant assets. As indicated, the restaurant has been having challenges regarding its’ assets such as the dough mixer. Due to poor maintenance of these equipments, they may be valued very poorly. This will limit the store in recovering some of the costs. Other than financial implications, the store will also face non-financial challenges as a result of closing down the restaurant department. One of the main challenges is bad image of the business which will be brought about by retrenchment of employees. Potential customers dislike businesses which often lay of their employees because terminating employee’s employment suggest that the business is no longer profitable. More so, society does not like business entities that lay off employee because unemployment is viewed as bad. These employees have families and other responsibilities to take care of, without their jobs, they cannot. As such, it is viewed as the fault of the store that these families will suffer. Potential customers will not like to be associated with such businesses (Drury, 2006). Question Three As management accountant, Samantha will be required to prepare, come up and analyze financial information for the store. This will be very difficult since she does not have prior experience in management accounting. More so, the company does not keep well organized information data base. There is no previous history of management information in the company and as such, she has to first of all collect her own management information. This is rather a very tedious. In her role, she will have the responsibility to ensure that the management of the store has to make decisions which are well informed from now going forward so as to guarantee the store’s future profitability, stability as well as its growth. Samantha will have to come up and maintain management information systems as well as financial policies by liaising with the management to provide a better support service on all aspects of finance. As indicated, Samantha and some of the management colleagues such as Albert often argue. More so, the top management colleagues are old and will not for sure understand fully these financial policies so as to make sound management decision regarding the company. Her role also includes looking into the future. She is supposes to analyze the performance of the business in the past years and offer advice to the management on how to prevent challenges that the business encounters. Currently, the restaurant department is making losses and as such, it is her responsibility to advice the management whether to close down the restaurant or to put more capital in it so as to make it more profitable as Claude advices. She will be required to make Traditions Ltd adapt to changing environment. The management of the store prides itself on running the store through maintaining the standards of services and customers relationships which is mainly related with a bygone era. This means that the store cannot be able to attract the young middle class people who provide a very significant market. It is her duty to make sure that the store taps in this market so as to increase sales. She should advice the management on adoption new and upcoming trends so that the y can be able to make decisions which will inline the store to new trends hence attract more customers. It is her duty to identify departments that need reduction in operational and production costs. Most importantly she should be able to establish better and effective strategies so as to control spending. This will involve reducing the spending habits of some department and increasing others. Each department is headed by a family member and in reference to their relationships; some of the managers of departments such as Albert will not be willing to reduce their spending habits to increase other departments. Since is a family owned business, sibling rivalry will be unavoidable bringing about more challenges and disagreements among decision makers. Management Information System (MIS) for Traditions Ltd; Management information system (MIS) is vital in its role as an agent of sharing information within a business. There are various factors to consider while implementing a management information system at Traditions Ltd (Graham, 2005) (Clarke, 2010). These factors include; The level of knowledge of the users. Traditions Ltd is a family owned store. The managers of the store are above fifty years of age and most of them have little or no knowledge of what management information system is. These managers also do not have siblings to act on their behalf. They are required to access the MIS and effectively use it on daily basis. As such, the management information system that can be effective in the store should be easy to use for the management and simple to understand (Khosrowpour, 1997). The security of the system. A secure MIS should be implemented in the store. Since the store is family owned, there may be conflicting interest within the family. A management system should be in such a way that it is transparent and each member with access should be able to view what others are doing (Galletta Zhang, 2006). Stock control systems; Stock taking is a process that requires the making a list of stock with their location and value. A stock control system must be able to show make orders, track stock levels as well as issue stock. The systems should contain information on the value, location, description, reorder levels, quantities, supplies and information on previous stock history (Office, 2009). Inventory turnover is a ratio that describes how many times a business inventory is sold and replaced over a period of time. To calculate the inventory turnover days, the days in the period are divided by the inventory turnover formula. Inventory turnover ratio is a key measure for determining the efficiency of the business in management of company inventory as well as making sales from it (Wanjialin, 2004). It can be calculated as; Inventory turnover =cost of goods sold/ average inventory. Or =sales/inventory Day sales Inventory is simply the inverse of the inventory turnover ratio multiplied by 365. i.e. Days Inventory= (Average Inventory/Cost of good) *365 Question 4 Budgetary planning and control system; Budgetary planning is the process by which a budget is prepared in an organization. A budget is a plan which is expressed quantitatively for a specific period of time. It can include various items such as assets, liabilities, planned sales output and revenues, amount of resources, cash flows and costs and expenses. As a management accountant at Traditions Ltd, budgetary planning is vital in the operations of the store. This is a process that will involve identifying objectives, looking for alternatives and collecting information about them and choosing the best alternative that suits the store. The final step is to implement the chosen alternatives to achieve the set objectives. In planning the budget, one needs to make sure that the plans are properly quantified, financed and be able to control resource allocation and performance (Plumptre, 1988) (Bogsnes, 2009). The main functions of the management accountant involve forecasting. This is where I am supposed to lay down objective to be achieved at the end of a specific period. Come up with a plan on how these forecasted objectives are going to be realized. Communicate this plan to all members of the departments in details so that they can follow the plan comprehensively. Coordinate various departments by keeping an eye on what is happening within the operation of the store. Select a team of managers and supervisors who are going to monitor every day activities in the store and make reports. Come up with authorization protocol where every employee should be able to follow. To boost morale and encourage employees, motivate employees either through giving rewards for best performers or promotions. Evaluate on regular basis the performance of the store to know whether the store is in line in realizing of the set objective (Radev Allen, 2006). Some of the behavioural problems one might encounter as a management accountant are the unwillingness of some management colleagues as well as other employees in the implementation of the plan. Since this is a family business, and each department is headed by a family member, some of them may be unwilling to cooperate especially when it comes to financing. This might result in mistrust, leaving behind some aspects of the plan which will lead to under realization of the objective. Budgets are time consuming and tiresome. As such, a management accountant should be ready to work long hours without pay so as to meet deadlines (Lacey, 2013). The best way to gain budget control in the businesses is through the analysis of variance. There are two types of variance analysis. One is the fixed analysis which does not change with the level of activities within the business. The other one is the flexed analysis which is prepared in such a way that it can be altered to indicate the actual activity involved. A flexed variance analysis will suit Traditions Ltd. This is because; the management accountant should be able to monitor each and every activity that is taking place in the store. Actual profits= budgeted profits+ favourable variances – adverse variances. For budgetary control to be effective, serious attitudes should be emphasized. There should be clear boundaries between managerial duties and other duties undertaken by employees. Budget targets which are challenging should be identified and more emphasis put on them. Routines for data collection, analysis and reporting should be established. Reports should be aimed at respective managers and reporting periods should be fairly short. Time variance reports should be prepared and where they are adverse, action should be taken to get back to favourable (Business : The Ultimate Resource, 2003). References Bogsnes, B. (2009). Implementing Beyond budgeting : Unlocking the Performance Potential. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Business : The Ultimate Resource. (2003). Beijing : Citic Publishing House. Clarke, S. (2010). Computational Advancements in end-user Technologies : Emerging Models and Frameworks. Hershey: Information Science Reference. Drury, C. (2006). Cost and Management Accounting : An Introduction. London: Thomson. Galletta, D., Zhang, P. (2006). Human-Computer Interaction and Management Information Systems : Applications. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe. Graham, G. (2005). Exploring Supply Chain Management in the Creative Industries. Bradford, England : Emerald Group Pub. Khosrowpour, M. (1997). Managing Information Technology Resources and Applications in the World Economy : Proceedings of the 1997 Information Resources Management Association International Conference Vancouver, B.C., Canada. London : Idea Group. Lacey, D. (2013). Managing the Human Factor in Information Security : How to Win Over Staff and Influence Business Managers. Hoboken: Wiley. Office, G. B. (2009). The National Offender Management Information System : Report. London: TSO. Plumptre, T. W. (1988). Beyond the Bottom Line : Management in Government. Halifax: Institute for Research on Public Policy. Radev, D., Allen, R. (2006). Managing and Controlling Extrabudgetary Funds. Washington : International Monetary Fund. Tennent, J. (2008). Guide to Financial Management. London: Profile Books. Wanjialin, G. (2004). An International Dictionary of Accounting Taxation : 12000 + Entries on Accounting, Auditing Taxation in the USA, Canada, UK Australia ; Clear one Sentence Definition Right to the Point. New York: ] iUniverse Publ .

The Real Monster, Victor Frank Essay -- essays research papers

The Real Monster, victor frankenstein   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mary Shelley's narrative, Frankenstein is the story of Victor Frankenstein and his creation. 'It was on a dreary night of November that I beheld the accomplishment of my toils…by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open; it breathed hard, and a convulsive motion agitated its limbs.(52)'; This was the time and the place in which the creature came to life. Victor Frankenstein thought that his creation was a hideous monster, but his ignorance blinded him from the truth. In veracity, Victor Frankenstein was the real monster this was evident from his selfishness, from his cruelty and rejection of his creation, and because he indirectly caused the deaths of his own family and friends.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The selfishness shown by Victor Frankenstein is just one of the traits that shows that he is the monster. His selfish attitude is visible throughout the whole story. In the beginning when he first discovers the cause of generation and life, he does not tell anyone about it. He thinks, 'The astonishment which I had first experienced on this discovery soon gave place to delight and rapture…What had been the study and desire of the wisest men since the creation of the world was now within my grasp. (47)'; This type of selfish thinking entails excessive pride and self-glory with disregard to the good of others. Another example of selfishne...

World challenges in the next fifty years and computer technology

In this century many nations throughout the world are facing many challenges. Most of these challenges are caused by population and technologies. Population has been increasing thereby straining the available resources as a result of inadequate measures being put in place. The steps taken to solve the problems experienced in the world are inefficient and are not concentrated on the main issues. In addition to that they do not address the root cause of the problems. Technology is also affecting the world adversely as some of the innovations are not protecting or preserving the environment. Consequently, there are economic problems as the economy of most nations is declining. The world is experiencing an economic recession. Inflation rates are also going up in most nations thereby leading to increased prices for commodities. In the next fifty years the world will face many challenges and some of these challenges include; energy, water, environment, education, poverty and many others. a) Energy At present, nations are investing many funds in research and exploiting natural resources in their territories. The use of non-renewable energy has grown tremendously as almost every invention is using this type of energy. Most modes of transportation are using this type of energy. Most vehicles, public or private are using petroleum products. Similarly, all airplanes are using non-renewable energy for engine combustion. Consequently, the first ships which were invented utilized renewable energy sources but currently for high speed purposes are using non-renewable energy sources. As result of the high demand for non-renewable energy, the reserves are getting depleted. Because of increased demand, oil companies are forced to increase their supply thereby leading to investment of more funds in exploration of more fuel reserves. In the next coming years this trend will continue thereby leading to excessive energy demand and this will affect the world negatively (Organization for Economic Cooperation and development 8). As a result of increased energy demand, the entire world will experience fuel shortages thereby leading to excessive increase in the cost of energy. At the present times, problems related energy has started to emerge and people are feeling its effects as energy prices are going up. This is reflective of what the next fifty years will be. The energy problem is expected to worsen in the next fifty years if alternatives are not sought. In solving the energy problems in the next fifty years computer technology will be very useful and especially if utilized effectively. Innovations in this technology will provide alternative energy sources. As result of more innovations and developments in the computer technology better chips which can power large buildings, automobiles, airplanes among others will be developed. Such technology will reduce the strains experienced by the energy reserves as a result of high energy demand. Currently, such chips have begun to be built (Borealis) and this can be viewed to be a step in the right direction as it leads to better energy sources. Some companies have begun investing financial resources in such innovations; therefore in the next fifty years energy problems will be eliminated. In addition to that computer technology will be helpful in exploration of more energy sources. Currently, the use of computer technology is increasing in energy exploration, but in the next fifty years its use will become more extensive. ) Environment and Water As result of the concentration of large populations in the large towns different forms of transportation have come up and are utilized. Most commonly used mode of transportation include; automobiles, trains, subways, and airplanes. These modes have made people more flexible as they can choose where to work, live and even invest their resources. However, in spite of the benefits provided by these modes of transportation, they have le d to problems related to safety and health of the people as they cause environmental pollution. This can mainly be attributed to fossil fuel combustion as most of them use non-renewable energy thereby leading to high carbon emissions (Benn). Consequently, as a result of industrialization the number of industries has increased and will continue to increase in the next fifty years. These industries are causing much pollution through machineries or technologies used in the production of goods and services. Most of these industries and especially the construction industries are causing noise pollution and in addition to that are degrading agricultural land as most of their raw materials come from land. As a result of land degradation in the next fifty years there will be increased cases of food shortages since they will not be enough land for cultivation. In the next fifty years the world will face more and tougher challenges related to environmental pollution due to increased number of industries and in addition to that the demand for transportation will increased greatly. More vehicles, airplanes, trains among others will be used greatly thereby causing much pollution in the environment. Consequently, as a result of increased environmental pollution a hot debate has emerged concerning global warming. Environmental pollution is leading to changes in the climate as temperatures are increasing. In the next coming years, as result of increased pollution, the world will be affected adversely and the safety and health of individuals will be reduced greatly as a result increased chances of disease infection. Furthermore, as a result of increased pollution caused primarily by industries, water shortages might be experienced as many sources of water and especially rivers will be polluted thereby making water unsafe for human consumption (Molden). Water pollution will occur as a result of industries not disposing their wastes properly thereby allowing industrial wastes to get into rivers and lakes. Additionally, water shortages might also occur as a result of changes in climate thereby leading inadequate rainfall. With increased climate changes temperatures will increase thereby leading to drying of rivers and other water reserves. This will in turn have a negative effect on food as crops in the field will dry-up thereby leading to food scarcity. However, in the next fifty years as a result of improvements in the computer technology problems related to environment and water will be solved. If utilized effectively and efficiently in the next fifty years computer technology will contribute much in relieving the world environmental and water problems. Through the computer technology modes of transportation which are environmental friendly will be invented. This can be attributed to the efficiency and effectiveness provided by the computer technology in doing research. Therefore, in the next fifty years vehicles which are cleaner, greener, safer and more energy efficient will be developed and used (Yang & Parent 17). Currently, the effects of computer technology have begun to be felt as scientists are concentrating on developing such vehicles. Furthermore, computer technology will also be useful in wastage management through development of software that control and manage wastes in industries. It will also be use for development of better technologies or systems for waste disposal thereby leading to reductions in wastes getting in the water sources. Consequently, computer technology will contribute greatly in water treatment thereby relieving water shortage problems. As a result of computer technology contribution in improving research better ways of treating water will be discovered thereby leading to increased quantity and quality of water. c) Education and poverty The world population has been increasing at a very fast pace thereby straining the resources available. For instance, in 1990 the population was more than 5. 2 billion while in 2000 it grew to more than 6 billion (Infoplease). At that rate the world population will reach more than ten billion in the next fifty years. People are moving from rural or smaller cities towards larger cities thereby increasing population size in these cities. In the next fifty years, more than a hundred cities are expected to contain over ten million people (Parent 1). As a result of population increase, learning institutions will be strained. Materials for learning will not be adequate due to excessive number of students. This to some extent will lower the quality of education as the number of students per teacher will become greater that the required number. As a result of high population increase and increased demand for education, teachers and lectures will be overloaded and this will affect their performance adversely. Consequently, poverty will increase as a result of increased rate of illiteracy. With high education demand, the cost of acquiring education will be increased greatly thereby locking out individuals from the lower social class. Education will therefore belong to individuals of high and middle social class. Since lower class individuals constitute majority of the world population, there will be increased illiteracy rate and in turn increased poverty level. Education is essential in improving the lives of people as it equips them with knowledge and skills which are helpful in building a great future. It also opens up their minds thereby enabling them to solve issues or problems in their lives with much ease. Furthermore, the level of poverty will also increase in the next fifty years as a result of increased demand for basic commodities. Because of increased population, prices of basic commodities will go up thereby becoming expensive to a large number of individuals. Many people will not affordable to meet their basic needs as a result of increased prices thereby increasing the level of poverty. Additionally, as a result of the current economic downturn and high inflation rate, in the next fifty years many people will become poor. Many businesses will be closed as a result of incurring many losses thereby leading to increased unemployment level. People will lose their jobs as a result of deterioration economy and volatile global markets (Monks). Currently, technology has boosted education greatly. Through the internet individuals can acquire knowledge and skills wherever they are regardless of their distance from the learning institution. As a result of technology learning materials are sufficient for the students and they can use them regardless of their location. In the next fifty years because of increased population size demand for education will increase thereby raising the need for more innovative and efficient technology. Technology will therefore contribute greatly in reducing congestion in the learning institutions and in ensuring maintenance of high quality education. Conclusion. In the next fifty years computer technology will play a vital role in relieving the problems facing the world. In spite of the finances which will be required in developing computer technology, investing in this technology will not be a financial wastage. In ensuring that computer technology is adequate developed and thus helpful in the future, financial support is essential. Companies and other organizations need to invest more funds in innovations that are geared towards improving this technology. In the coming years the need for computer technology will increase and will become a necessity in improving the people's lives.

North Korea Government

North Korea Government North Korea GovernmentKorea's division in 1945 along the 38 parallel was a temporary partition to facilitate Japanese's forces on the Korean Peninsula at the end of World War II. Andrea Matles Savada explains that before the division in 1945 along the 38 parallel, United States and the Soviet Union agreed to temporarily occupy the country as a trusteeship with the zone of control demarcated along the 38th parallel. The purpose of this trusteeship was to establish a Korean provisional government which would become "free and independent in due course". Korea was one nation until 1945, when the country was divided by the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II. The war created two Korean governments, one in the north known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), and another in the south known as the Republic of Korea (ROK). The two Koreas engaged in a hostile war between 1950 and 1953 and remained divided as of today.After division, the South Korea and North Korea took distinctly different paths of development. By 1990 North Korea emerged as a staunch communist society which was governed by a leadership that hardly open the country to the outside world while South Korea evolved into a liberal democracy after many years of military dictatorship.The elections for South Korea were held in the U.S. zone in 1948 for a national assembly, which adopted a republican constitution and elected Syngman Rhee as the nation's president. The incipient republic was proclaimed on Aug. 15 and was apperceived as the licit regime of Korea by the UN on Dec. 12, 1948. While North Korea society revolves around the "religion of Kim II Sungism" and his chuch'e ideology, which is the application of Marxism-Leninism to the North Korean experience.

Kants Thoughts On Human Dignity †Philosophy Essay

Kants Thoughts On Human Dignity – Philosophy Essay Free Online Research Papers Kant’s Thoughts On Human Dignity Philosophy Essay Determinism is a philosophical concept relating to human freedom. This concept declares that every action (including human behavior) is believed to have a cause. Every situation is therefore the outcome of a preceding situation. Determinism can be further defined as hard or soft based on causality and action. On the other hand belief in free will is one’s ability to make rationale choices based ones motivation and desire. These actions are not determined by external causes. Philosophers of hard determinism declare that there is no such thing as free will. They assert that every event has a cause and that there is a chain of causality that extends back to ones birth or even before one was born. It is believed that each link of the chain determines what will happen with the next link. Therefore, human beings actions are based on a chain of event that cause them to react in a particular way. This is because there is no free will and individuals’ behaviors are predetermined. Everything that happens to an individual is based on the effect of some set cause. A person’s thoughts, actions and beliefs are all determined by preceding events. Therefore, the choices that individuals make in life are predictable and cannot be avoided. So, individuals should not be held accountable for their actions since, they are not acts of free will. The action to make choices is determined by an individual wants, wishes, desires, feelings and motivations. So, unive rsal causality is incompatible with human freedom. Soft determinism supports the idea that every action has a cause, but every action is not compelled or forced. Therefore, actions that are voluntary are considered to be of free will. Subsequently, individuals should be accountable for these actions and their consequences. Philosophers of soft determinism redefined freedom as been both positive and negative. The positive connotation of soft determinism suggested that if an individual is the cause of their actions then they are thought to be acting freely and are therefore responsible for their behavior and its consequences. In addition, if an individual acted voluntarily to fulfill ones desire then that individual is believed to have free will. Secondly, the negative connotation suggest that if individuals are forced, coerced, or compelled to function in a manner that they normally would not do, the individual is not free or have human freedom. Such individuals has no control over their behaviors and therefore have no act of free w ill. Soft determinism believes that universal causation is compatible with freedom Belief in free will is the idea that human behaviors is not just based on external causes but is the result of the individuals ability to make choices bases on their motive, and intensions, which is not determined by external causes. To have free will is been able to make alternative choices. Therefore, ones actions are not predetermined. One is free to make choices based on what is most appropriate to him or her without being influenced by external stimulus. Human beings having free will are the cause of some of their own actions based on the choices that they make. All three philosophical concepts, hard determinism, soft determinism and belief in free will share differences on the idea of freedom. Hard determinism argues that if all events in someone’s life are dependent on prior events then there is no such thing as free will. They believe that human actions are predictable and predetermined. As a result an individual could not possibly do anything other than what he would have always done, so individuals do not have any control over their actions. Philosophers of soft determinism support the concept of hard determinism in that every action has a cause. However, they believe that some actions are of free will, while others are forced. They do not believe that all behaviors are predetermined. Soft determinist believes individuals have free will to make choices voluntary. These choices are based on their prior exposures. Research Papers on Kant’s Thoughts On Human Dignity - Philosophy EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseCapital PunishmentThree Concepts of PsychodynamicComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

The Angel of Death and the Sculptor Research Paper

The Angel of Death and the Sculptor - Research Paper Example Daniel Chester French was born in 1850 and died in 1913 and was recognized as one of the best American sculptors of his time. He was born in New Hampshire to a lawyer and US treasury secretary. His roots were quickly defined in American patriotism with his links and friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson and the Alcott Family. After high school, French attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; however, he left quickly to help his father on the farm. He began painting after being influenced by art work from a visit to New York City and received his first commission for a statue known as â€Å"The Minute Man.† By 1913, French had received a Fellow at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and was afterwards consistently recognized for his works. He was a founding member of the National Sculpture Society and was a member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences, as well as other artistic groups. The works he is best known for is the â€Å"Abraham Lincoln† sculpture at the Lincoln Memorial, Pulitzer Prize medal, and â€Å"Statue of the Republic.† Most of French’s works are consistent with the Revolution of America as the main theme as well as the historical aspects of each design. The â€Å"Angel of Death and the Sculptor† is one of a few of the works which French did based on cemetery areas that were in use. The commission came from Boston sculptor Martin Milmore and was based on the memory of his brother, Joseph. The original statue was made in bronze and was caste in Massachusetts. However, it quickly gained wide recognition and was offered a space in the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago. The replica of the bronze was acquired by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1917 and was then re-carved in marble in 1926 to be placed at the memorial2. These concepts were used and recognized as a way of honoring the memorial that was built while basing the memorial around the honor of the Civil War and the independence of America. This was combined with the healing process that was used for the war and in response to the lives that were lost to gain freedom through the land3. The different techniques which were used at this time were a combination of subject matter with basic ideologies which

The impact of financial crisis on five USA companies Essay

The impact of financial crisis on five USA companies - Essay Example However, subprime mortgage loans given to individuals with less than perfect loan carrying capacity and declining home prices coupled with structural changes in the United States economy that had built up a huge deficit in trading with the rest of the world caused the bubble to burst. This left many with write-offs worth many billions and assets whose real value had declined substantially. Because the mortgages converted into mortgage-based securities sold to many around the world, the financial crisis turned global. Businesses now faced a changed business environment, uncertainty and problems raising funds. This dissertation examines the impact of the financial crisis of 2007 – 2009 on selected businesses headquartered in the United States of America. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the years 2008 – 2009 presented the world with the deepest global recession since the great depression and the most important of all reasons for this economic downturn was a global financial crisis (Berlatsky, 2010, Pp. 16 – 20). In an interlinked world, economic problems in one country were bound to have an impact on the others to threaten global financial stability. According to the previously mentioned author, prominent economists suggest that the United States economy that had been the envy of the world for many years now carried mountains of debt that endangered prosperity and the global economy. A desire on the part of Americans to own their homes had resulted in a massive increase in home prices in the United States of America and irresponsible lending at low rates of interest to many who were bad credit risks created a bubble involving rapidly increasing home prices that were to later collapse. In a market wit h collapsed property values, banks could no longer readily recover the amounts loaned to bad credit risks. Because many banks were involved in arrangements involving credit default swaps, the financial strains were to result in the collapse of